When reporting on those conditions which they perceive as necessary for the inclusion of students with special educational needs, teachers often refer to the importance of additional adult support in the classroom. The deployment of teaching assistants in England and special needs assistants
in Ireland has been regarded as an important factor in supporting national policies for inclusion in both
countries. This article reports on research which through survey and interview methods investigated
the working practices of these colleagues and discusses the different approaches to their deployment in
schools. It is suggested that whilst there are clear distinctions between the operations of the teaching
assistant in England and the special needs assistant in Ireland, both play a distinct and essential role in
the development of inclusive schooling. The article considers how two distinctive models of classroom
support have emerged and the different ways in which they impact upon inclusion. Consideration is
given to the changes which are taking place in the development of classroom teams and the ways in
which this may impact upon current and future inclusion agendas