Adukwu, E., Allen, S. C. H. and Phillips, C. A. (2012) The anti-biofilm activity of lemongrass (cymbopogon flexussus) and grapefruit (citrus paradisi) essential oils against five strains of staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 113(5), pp. 1217-1227. 1365-2672.
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Abstract:
AIMS:
To determine the sensitivity of five strains of Staphylococcus aureus to five essential oils (EOs) and to investigate the anti-biofilm activity of lemongrass and grapefruit EOs.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Antimicrobial susceptibility screening was carried out using the disk diffusion method. All of the strains tested were susceptible to lemongrass, grapefruit, bergamot and lime EOs with zones of inhibition varying from 2·85 to 8·60 cm although they were resistant to lemon EO. Lemongrass EO inhibited biofilm formation at 0·125% (v/v) as measured by colorimetric assay and at 0·25% (v/v) no metabolic activity was observed as determined by 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) reduction. Grapefruit EO did not show any anti-biofilm activity. Following exposure to lemongrass EO extensive disruption to Staph. aureus biofilms was shown under scanning electron microscopy.
CONCLUSIONS:
In comparison to the other EOs tested, lemongrass exhibited the most effective antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY:
The effect of lemongrass EO highlights its potential against antibiotic resistant Staph. aureus in the healthcare environment.
Uncontrolled Keywords:
biofilms, microbial contamination, staphylococci
Subjects:
Creators:
Adukwu, E., Allen, S. C. H. and Phillips, C. A.
Publisher:
Blackwell Publishing
Northamptonshire and East Midlands:
Health
Faculties, Divisions and Institutes:
Date:
November 2012
Date Type:
Publication
Page Range:
pp. 1217-1227
Journal or Publication Title:
Journal of Applied Microbiology
Volume:
113
Number:
5
Language:
English
ISSN:
1365-2672
Status:
Published / Disseminated
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