Optimizing Layer Thickness and Width for Fused Filament Fabrication of Polyvinyl Alcohol in Three-Dimensional Printing and Support Structures

Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) is frequently applied as a support material in 3D printing, especially in the crafting of intricate designs and projecting elements. It functions as a water-soluble filament, often paired with materials like ABS or PLA. PVA serves as a momentary scaffold, supporting the jutting segments of a 3D model throughout the printing process. Subsequent to printing, the primary component can be effortlessly isolated by dissolving the PVA support using water. PVA, being a pliable and eco-friendly polymer, is susceptible to moisture. Its aqueous solubility renders it a prime selection for bolstering 3D print structures. In this investigation, equivalent-sized samples were 3D printed utilizing an Ultimaker 3D printer to assess the potency of PVA-generated specimens. Tensile examinations were executed on each sample employing a testing apparatus. The durability of the specimens was notably impacted by the input parameters, specifically the stratum width and stratum thickness. Strength dwindled as stratum width increased, whereas it rose with augmented stratum thickness. A few specimens with heightened stratum width and compromised quality displayed subpar performance during the tensile assessment. The findings unveiled a peak tensile strength of 17.515 MPa and a maximum load of 1600 N. Attaining an optimal degree of material utilization led to a decrease in filament consumption by 8.87 g, all the while upholding a MTS (maximum tensile strength) of 10.078 MPa.