The Activity and Polymorphism of the PON1 in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease : a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: Liver diseases are among the ten deadliest diseases in the world. Measuring PON1 is a test to assess the degree of liver disorder. There are several preliminary studies on the rate of PON1 activity in people with liver disease, and there are differences between the results of these studies, therefore, the aim of this research work is to determine the level of PON1 activity in people with liver disease using meta-analysis. Method: The study searched to select articles that were published electronically from 2002 to 2020, in national and international databases of SID, MagIran, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science (WoS). Results: Among the articles included in the meta-analysis, the samples in the case (patients) and control groups were 807 and 2276 respectively. The mean activity of PON1 in individuals with liver disease in the case and control groups were 142.06 ± 7.7 and 272.19 ± 39.6 respectively, and this was statistically significant (P <0.05). The mean difference analysis highlights a difference of -2.75 ± 0.48 between the patient and control groups, indicating that liver disease significantly reduces PON1 activity. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that the polynomorphism of the PON1 is associated with an increased risk of liver disease, with lower levels of PON1 activity in people with liver disease than in healthy patients and this decrease was more in patients with liver cirrhosis than in other liver diseases. Given the importance of this gene's activity, studies such as this could provide a promising path for better drug design and treatment in future.