Evaluating the impacts of flooding on the residents of Lagos, Nigeria

The occurrence of natural disasters is of growing concern globally due to increasing disruption, damage and loss of life. The rising flood frequency in Lagos, Nigeria, emphasises the need for improved flood prevention and management measures. This study evaluates the impacts of flooding on the residents of Lagos, Nigeria by focusing on five areas: Lekki, Victoria Island, Ikeja, Surulere and Ikorodu. Each area represents a different income level and population density. Flood managers in Lagos were also interviewed to understand the flood management and prevention situation from the government’s perspective, together with the barriers and drivers to effective flood management. Data collected from residents indicate that heavy rainfall, blocked and/or failure of drainage systems, and lack of land use planning were considered the most frequent contributors to the flooding problem. A high proportion of residents live in flood prone areas, having been unaware of the initial flood problem, or selecting the area due to proximity to work or affordability. Government initiated flood awareness campaigns aimed to inform residents. However, some residents continue to live in homes at risk from flooding due to sentimental values, whilst others simply cannot afford to move houses. Results revealed some of the impacts of flooding include displacement, damage to property, and disruption to movement and health issues. The study recommends that residents need to be more aware of proper waste disposal. The government also needs to implement controls on development on flood plain, ensure better and regular waste collection methods, proper maintenance of drainage systems and better flood defences are in place. Also, offering incentives should be in place for residents willing to move to minimise impacts of flooding.